Benegal’s directorial debut, Ankur (Seeding, 1974) was a major critical success, and was followed by numerous works that created another field in the movement. This was led by such directors as Gulzar, Shyam Benegal, Mani Kaul, Rajinder Singh Bedi and Saeed Akhtar Mirza, and later on Mahesh Bhatt and Govind Nihalani, becoming the main directors of this period’s Indian art cinema. Guru Dutt’s film Pyaasa (1957) featured in Time magazine’s “All-TIME” 100 best movies list.ĭuring the 1970s and the 1980s, parallel cinema entered into Bombay’s Hindi Film industry. Bimal Roy’s Do Bigha Zamin (1953) was both a commercial and critical success. Chetan Anand’s Neecha Nagar (1946), a social realist film won the Grand Prize at the first Cannes Film Festival. This new style of Cinema got world wide acclaim and fame. These film makers used Cinema to highlight prevalent issues. That is why this period is still considered as the Golden Age of Indian cinema. For the first time, Cinema became the mirror of the contemporary Indian society as movies which were made during this period were largely influenced from Indian Literature and current socio-political situations.
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Shantaram. Real-life movies by these directors added a new perspective to the Indian movie industry. The Parallel Cinema movement started in the late 1940s to the 1960s, by India’s great filmmakers such as Satyajit Ray, Ritwik Ghatak, Bimal Roy, Mrinal Sen, Khwaja Ahmad Abbas, Chetan Anand, Guru Dutt and V. The culture of Art Films first started in Bengali film industry by critically acclaimed filmmakers such as Satyajit Ray, Mrinal Sen, Ritwik Ghatak and others and then gained prominence in the other film industries of India including Hindi Film industry. Art Films are not considered to the part of mainstream cinema due to their serious content, realism and naturalism. Art Films, also known as Parallel Cinema, form an integral part of Bollywood. They are an alternative to the mainstream commercial cinema especially for the people who use their brain while watching movies.
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